Memory Organizational Methods
Memory systems organize binary data into addressable words where data can be stored or retrieved. Some systems use a method called interleaved memory, which refers to an ability to access more than one word at a time. The advantage of interleaved memory is in situations where it is likely that the CPU will require the second word soon after the first.
The memory circuitry is a separate entity from the processing circuitry of the CPU.
Therefore, for the two circuit systems to communicate, a memory controller is required. The controller deciphers the requests for memory information or storage access from the CPU and initiates the proper sequence of events. Because a controller can only control a certain amount of memory, multiple controllers are often used within a single system. The implementation of multiple memory controllers allows for interleaved memory transfer. Each controller, with its own memory domain within a system, increases efficient data transfer by allowing sequential data to be stored in different domains such that before one controller is
finished transferring one part of the sequence, the next controller is already beginning its operation sequence. In some systems, memory can be shared among different CPUs of the same computer. In this case the controllers used in conjunction with a multiprocessor system would have access ports for each processor.
Emory W. Zimmers, Jr. and Technical Staff
Enterprise Systems Center
Lehigh University
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
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